In this chapter, we shall investigate electromagnetic wave propagation through a warm collisionless
plasma, extending the discussion presented in Chapter 5 to take
thermal effects into account. It turns out that the thermal modifications to
wave
propagation are not particularly well
described by fluid equations. We shall, therefore, adopt a kinetic
description of the plasma. The appropriate governing kinetic equation is, of course,
the Vlasov equation introduced in Section 4.1.